Types of Prebiotics (Part 2) Pectin, Beta-glucans, Polyphenol rich Prebiotics and Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs)

The Prebiotics below are in addition to the Prebiotics discussed in the previous Blog.

4. Pectin

A gel‑forming fiber found in fruit.

What it does

• Strengthens the gut lining
• Has antioxidant and anti‑tumor properties
• Broadens microbial diversity

Food sources

• Apples
• Peaches
• Raspberries
• Carrots
• Tomatoes

Notes

• Ferments more slowly than inulin/FOS → gentler on digestion.

5. Beta‑glucans

A soluble fiber with immune‑modulating effects.

What they do

• Feed beneficial microbes
• Lower LDL cholesterol
• Improve glycemic control

Food sources

• Oats
• Barley
• Mushrooms (e.g., shiitake, maitake)

6. Polyphenol‑rich Prebiotics

Not fibers — but plant compounds that act as prebiotic substrates.

What they do

• Increase Akkermansia and Bifidobacterium
• Reduce inflammation
• Improve gut barrier integrity

Food sources

• Berries
• Pomegranate
• Green tea
• Cocoa

7. Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs)

Naturally present in breast milk; now available in adult supplements.

What they do

• Feed Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis
• Strengthen gut barrier
• Reduce inflammation
• Support immune development

Notes

• Emerging research in adults for IBS, immune health, and metabolic support.

#Probiotics     #Prebiotics      #Pectin     #GOS     #Beta-glucans     #Polyphenols     #HMOs

Quick Comparison Table for Prebiotics